Pen-Write E-Library

SCHEME OF WORK
WEEKS TOPICS :
1. Revision of last term's examination:
Comprehension/vocabulary development: Summarizing a passage into specified number of sentences.
Structure: Review of noun Phrase and Noun Clause, Adjectival Phrases/Adjectival Clauses.
Essay Writing: Review of narrative and descriptive Essay.
Spelling: British and American English Basic differences as reflected in common words.


2 Speech Work: Review of sentence intonation patterns.
Essay Writing: Review of Argumentative Essay.
Comprehension/ summary: Summarizing Narrative Prose.
Comprehension: Prostration, page 22
Vocabulary Development, Festivals, page 24

3. Comprehension and vocabulary Development Any suitable passage on Finance, Commerce and Banking.
Structure: More on Nominalization.
Speech Work: More on Monothongs and Diphthongs
Speech work: Review of Sentence Intonation Patterns.
Writing: Argumentative Essay: "The home is responsible for the unruly behaviour of teenagers in the society"
Comprehension: Government, page 37
Summary: Party Systems, page 38

4. Essay Writing: More on Formal and Informal letters.
Summary: Summarizing paragraph Units.
Structure: Review of Adverbs and Adverbs and adverbials.
Comprehension: Business, Page 86
Vocabulary Development: Business, page 88

5. Comprehension / Vocabulary Development: Any suitable passages on Science and Technology.
Structure: More on sequence of Tenses.
Speech Work: Clusters of two consonants occur initially and finally.
Essay Writing: Formal and informal Letters.
Summary: Novel Extract, page 53

6. Comprehension / Vocabulary Development suitable passages on Building and Plumbing.
Essay Writing: Article.
More on Figure of speech. Speech work: Clusters of two consonants which occur initially and finally.
Comprehension: Irrigation, page 112 Vocabulary Development: Page 113 Structure: Sequence of Tenses.
Comprehension: Novel Extract, page 48
Vocabulary Development: Page 50

7. Comprehension/ Vocabulary development: Suitable passage on Printing and Publishing.
Structure: More on Modals, lexical Auxiliary Verbs.
Essay Writing: More on Report writing.
Comprehension: Law Enforcement, page 63
Vocabulary Development: Justice Delayed, page 64
Speech Work: More on Consonants.
Writing, Article: "The good effects of accountability and transparency" Figures of Speech

8.Comprehension/ Vocabulary Development: Suitable passage on Communication.
Speech Work: Stress in Words of Seven Syllable and Compound Words.
Comprehension: Law and Order, page 78
Vocabulary Development: Justice, page 77
Structure: More on Modals


9. Comprehension: Addition, page 98
Vocabulary Development: Addition, page 100
Speech work: Stress in words of seven syllables and in compound words
Writing: More on Report Writing

10. Revision and examination.

References
1. Effective English for Senior Secondary Schools, Book 3 by Montgomery, et al
2. Countdown to English by Ogunsanwo, et al
3. Oral English for Schools and colleges by Sam Onuigbo
4. Advanced Learners Dictionary
5. Past Questions in Fnglish Language

Topic: Structure
Sub-topic: Sentence and Sentence patterns
Reference books: Intensive English Book 3



Sub-topic:- Sentences (meaning and types)
Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
Write correct sentences.

Content:- The lesson contains the meaning of a sentences; it is a group of words that contains a finite verb and makes sense. E.g. jide is a students.
https://youtu.be/jul2urONzOQ
Evaluation:- (i) What is a sentence?
ii. Give examples of a sentences.

Assignment:- Write an informal letter to a friend on how you survived a fire outbreak in which other people perished.



Sub-topic:- Patterns or types of sentences
Behavioral Objectives:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to; Write different types of sentences.

Content:- there are five types of sentences. They are simple, complex,
compound, multiple and compound - complex sentences.

The simple sentence contains one idea only e.g. john is here. The
complex sentence consists of a main clause and a subordinate clause. e.g. I saw him when he was eating.

The compound sentence contains two main clauses. e.g. we saw him and we discussed with him.

The multiple sentence consists of three or more sentences. E.g. he came to my house when I was not around but we eventually met.

The compound - complex consists of one or more complex and compound sentences.
https://youtu.be/urr55rAreWc

Evaluation:- (i) what is a simple sentence?
(ii) what is the difference between compound and complex sentences.

Assignment:- States the types of sentences and explain them with examples.


TOPIC: SPELLINGS: BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH
Some American spellings are quite different from the British spellings. Americans believe that a word should be spelt as it is pronounced. These differences are notable in the following examples:
BRITISH AMERICA
's'-------------'z'
specialisation ---specialization
colonise ---colonize
summarise ---summarize
organise ---organize
mechanise ---mechanize
economise ---economize
pressurise ---pressurize
centralise ---centralize

'our'-------- ' or'
harbour--- harbor
honour--- honor
labour ---labor
neighbour--- neighbor
favour--- favor
vapour--- vapor
odour--- odor

're' -------' er'
centre--- center
metre ---meter
kilometre ---kilometer

'amme'-------'am'
gramme---gram
kilogramme--- kilogram
programme--- program

'ogue'-------og'
dialogue--- dialog
catalogue--- catalog
In verbs which end in 'l' and are not stressed on the final syllable, the 'l' is not doubled in the ing form and the past participle.
British-------American
travelling ---traveling
equalled--- equaled
cancelling ---canceling

There is also the usual practice to replace 'ae' or 'oe' in words by 'e' (Words of Greek and Latin origin). The original spelling is however retained by the British.
British------- American
Haemoglobin ---hemoglobin
Diaerrhoea--- diarrhea
Enajclopaedia--- encyclopedia
https://youtu.be/A-KyynN0qMY
https://youtu.be/NdJQdt3xkFQ

Evaluation:
Give ten words that have different spellings in the British and American spellings.
Weekend Assignment: Revision and tests part l, page 33, Effective English. Reading Assignment: Phrases and Clauses. Pep | 2--0
Pg 172 Countdown

Topic: Composition
Sub-topic: Narrative Essay
Reference books: Intensive English Book 3


Sub-topic:- meaning and features
Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to;Write a good narrative essay.

Content:- narratives is a story telling essay. It is a patterned process of a telling a story with the intention to teach moral lessons. It must be, emotional and draws pity out of the reader.
It must be plausible and readable to be accepted as real. It must use characters with names that are familiar with the local setting.

Evaluation:- What is narrative essay.

Assignment:- Write a story to illustrate the statement "The footprint of a parent fox does not kill its children."

https://youtu.be/lQAjlxFuS9c

Sub-topic:- Step in writing a narrative essay.
Behavioral Objectives:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to; write narrative essay, using the steps.

Content:- there are different steps in writing a narrative essay. It starts to
actually telling the story. The story teller attaches emotion and passion to
the characters in the story and elicits the sympathy of the reader
Reference books: Intensive English Book 3

Evaluation:- State the steps in writing a narrative essay.

Assignment:- Write a story that illustrate that the footprint of a parent fowl does not kill its children.




TOPIC: Comprehension: Prostration
The passage centres on the childhood of Wole Soyinka. It is an extract from his book titled 'Ake' . In this passage, Wole Soyinka is faced with the challenge of respecting tradition in the aspect of prostration. The passage reveals Soyinka's view about the act of prostration as a young child. He detested the act in itself when he was ordered to do so by an elder at the Kabiyesi's palace.
https://youtu.be/en6V_dnYQbM

Evaluation: Questions I — 6, page 24



Topic: Vocabulary Development: Festivals pa 52.-
The passage is an extract from The Guardian Newspaper. It focuses on the celebration of Sallah in Sokoto State.
https://youtu.be/-14AbBee3wA
Evaluation: Vocabulary, page 24




Topic: Noun Phrases and Noun Clauses.
Noun Phrase: The noun phrase is a phrase in which the main word or the head is a noun or pronoun.
Examples: the big ugly girl a fat bank account the man outside the man from the moon.
Functions of the Noun Phrase
1. As subject of a sentence
The big girl is quarrelsome The poor suffer a lot
2. As object of a verb.
The offcer praised the students bought my friend a present
3. As subject complement
Our lecturer may become a commissioner His wife is a nurse.
4. As object complement
The grateful boy called his friend a saviour.
5. As complement of a preposition.
The governor thought ofthe brilliant iayvyer when choosing his cabinet. The thief hid the gun under his bed.
https://youtu.be/y-sclPl206I

Noun Clause: A noun clause is a subordinate clause that performs the functions of a noun.
Functions of the Noun Clause
1. As subject of a sentence What he said is bitter.
That he was insulted pained him a great deal.
2. As object of a verb.
The cook gave us what we should eat. He told us that he would come.
3. As complement of subject Honesty is what we want.
The important thing is that he has arrived.
4. As complement of object
We call him what he likes.
5. As complement of a preposition.
The prize will go to whoever wins
https://youtu.be/9SrEEPt4MQA

Evaluation: Exercise V, page 182

Exercise No 1, page 225, Countdown to English.





Topic: Adjectival Phrases and Adjectival Clauses.
Adjectival Phrase: An adjectival phrase is a phrase which modifies a noun or pronoun. Functions of an Adjectival phrase
1. As attributive adjectives. Fat men seldom run fast. is my wife
2. As predicate adjectives.
Those questions are tough The man looks stupid
3. As post -modifiers
The boy with a brown cap is my class-mate.
The fund available will not be enough for the project.
4. As nouns
The rich are usually unmindful of the poor. The government should cater for
https://youtu.be/aQ8XuglvBRk

Adjectival Clause: An adjectival clause is a subordinate clause that performs the function of an adjective.
The following conjunctions are usually used to introduce adjectival clauses: who, whom, whose, that, which, where, when, e.t.c.
Examples of Adjectival clauses
The man who came here is a teacher.
The house which has been renovated, looks very new.
It was he who slapped me.
The lady whose car was stolen is crying.
That is the goat that ate our yam.
Here is the man about whom I was talking to you.
https://youtu.be/BtejoJxuxRM

EVALUATION: Exercise, No 2, page 211 Exercise, No 2, page 225, Countdown to English.




Topic: Narrative and Descriptive Essays.
A. Narrative Essay: A narrative essay is one that requires you to relate an event or incident as an eyewitness would. This is the art of story-telling, and a wide experience in the reading of short stories, novels, and so on, is required.
Your essay must be interesting and convincing; the reader should enjoy reading it and be led to believe that what he is reading is true. The narrative should follow the order in which the event took place, gradually moving the reader to the climax of your story. You only have to state the facts as they were.
Examples of topics on Narrative Essay
The longest journey That I Have Ever Made.
The Day 1 Will Never Forget.
How I Spent My Last Holiday
Had I known Always Comes Last.
An Interesting Film I Have Watched.

B. Descriptive Essay: A descriptive essay is one that requires you to write a description of, for example, an object, a person, an animal, an incident or a scene. If you choose a descriptive essay in the examination, you should have a very clear picture in your mind of what you want to describe. The clearer the picture you have, the better will be your description. Descriptive essays are usually popular with examination candidates .
To score a high mark, candidates will be expected to give very clear, interesting and informative description.
Examples of topics on Descriptive Essay.
A Market Day In My Town
My Favourite Teacher.
A Wedding I Attended Recently.
My School.
My Ideal House.
https://youtu.be/LMfZZYzV5m8

Evaluation: Write an essay on any of the earlier mentioned topics

Reading Assignment: Sentence Intonation Patterns.

Assignment: Revision and tests part 2, page 33. Effective English
Practice l, Nos 1- 5, Page 29, Effective English.

Topic: Composition
Sub-topic: Information letter
Reference books: Intensive English Book 3

PERIOD 1
Sub-topic:- meaning and features
Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
Write a good informal letter.

Content:- It is a letter written by person to his parents and other close relatives. It is a private or personal letter.
https://youtu.be/YQLBR-goQ_8

Evaluation:- What is an informal letter?

Assignment:- Write a letter to your uncle in the city on the rift between your parents which have weakened life in your family and invite him to intervene for peace.


Sub-topic:- Features and pattern of informal letter
Behavioral Objectives:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to; write informal letter according to pattern.

Content:- Informal letters are personal letters. The language is an official and relationship is manifested by the choice of words. It also has a
concluding pattern like; yours sincerely.
https://youtu.be/rVpUrVYPnic
https://youtu.be/o1lnZvSsjUE
Evaluation:- What are the features of informal letter.

Assignment:- Write a letter to your uncle who lives in the city on the rift between your parents which has weakened life in the family and write him to mediate for peace.





Speech work: Sentence Intonation Patterns.
Intonation and stress are very important in spoken English. The meaning of an utterance is affected, not only by stress, but also by the variations in the pitch of a voice.
When one speaks, the voice pitch changes; becomes high or low depending on the meaning the speaker intends.
The sentence intonation patterns are
1. Falling Tune: The falling tune is usually used in declarative sentences, commands, exclamations and wh-questions.
a. Statements
Joy works hard in school. Emeka has given the book to her.
b. Commands
Keep the books on my table Stand under the tree.
c. Wh — question Why are your very late? Who gave you the information?
d. Exclamations What a good result! How pretty she is!
https://youtu.be/1Ha15yy0lWo

2. Rising Tune: The rising tune is used in

3. (a) polar questions (questions which demand only 'yes' or •no' as answer)
Is the wine sweet?
Will Monday be good for it? Did you eat last night?
b. Utterances showing indifference You can do what you want I think that's right
c. Listing items.
One, two, three and four.
We need some rice, beans, fish and meat.
In enumeration, the final item in the list is usually said on a falling tune.
Although the falling and rising intonation patterns are the two basic pitch patterns, the two pitch movements can be combined in long sentences.
a. Rise and fall pattern.

While the boys were working, the girls were playing. When the rain comes, I 'Il plant my seed yams.
b. Fall and rise pattern
The students are happy, aren't they? You can do it, can't you?
https://youtu.be/Y3SThAIpVRc

Evaluation: Exercise 1, Question A, page 99, Oral English for Schools and Colleges.





Topic: Argumentative Essay: "The home is responsible for the unruly behaviour of teenagers in the society"
An argumentative essay is one that requires you to present a subject with a view to persuading your reader to agree With your own point of view against another one. The essence of this type of essay is argument and its subject covers all forms of debate. An argument may be developed to:
i. prove a point
ii. present a view point
iii. balance the two sides of an issue.
For examination purposes, it is important that the candidate should realize that all debates are argumentative essays but not all argumentative essays are debates. Debates are framed in such a way that the writer should know the topic to be discussed, the people that would be around and possibly where the debate is taking place.
On the other hand, there are topics that merely require your view point. In this type of essay, you should write out the topic, underline it and start writing your views without addressing anybody.

Example: Write an essay presenting your points for or against the topic, 'Day student perform better than boarding students in examinations'.
The above is a good example of an ordinary argumentative essay. No audience is indicated and no greeting is necessary. All you need to do here is to write the topic and start your essay.
https://youtu.be/mThPDutKMhM

Evaluation: Write an essay on the topic.
'The home is responsible for the unruly behaviour of teenagers in the society'.




Topic: Comprehension: Government
The passage is part of a speech delivered by President Babangida to introduce one of the country's efforts at devising a constitution for civilian rule.
Babangida urged the citizens to arise to the task of taking the country to a greater height by searching for a new political order which would launch the country into a new Nigeria. But this new political order should not be an imitation of the foreign political models because the political history and culture of Nigeria are not in anyway the same with that of the foreign countries.
https://youtu.be/9lRxyJHBvPY
EVALUATION: Questions, page 36.




Topic: Summary: Party systems.
The passage centres on the types of party systems. One party system of government has only one political party which forms the government of the country. The demerit of this party is that it tends to become too powerful since there is no other party to check it.
A two-party system of government has two major parties. One of the parties rules while the other watches and keeps in check the ruling party.
A multi-party system allows having as many parties as the electorate wishes. It is difficult for a party to emerge with an overall majority in an election.
https://youtu.be/4I4f2K3AR1s
Evaluation: Question, page 39.

Reading Assignment: Nominalization CA.s-u-va

Assignment: Revision and tests part l, page 44, Effective English.
Exercise l, Question B, page 99 — 100, Oral English for Schools and Colleges.

Topic: Structure
Sub-topic: Figures of speech
Reference books: Intensive English Book 3


Sub-topic:- Figure of speech
Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to - Use figure of speech in expression.

Content:- Figure of speech are linguistic expressions are used to explain or describe situations and persons.

Evaluation:- What do we mean by figure of speech.

Assignment:- States two example of simile, metaphor, hyperbole, and personification.

https://youtu.be/3P_XeyPh2XY


Sub-topic:- Euphemism, Alliteration metonymy and Antonomasia
Behavioral Objectives:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to; use these figure of speech correctly.

Content:- Synecdoche, Euphemism, Assonance, Alliteration and others.
https://youtu.be/sSD0U1lOIJQ

Evaluation:- name and explains five figure of speech with examples.

Assignment:- State four figure of speech and explain them.




TOPIC: Comprehension : Business
The passage centres on the establishment of PZ Cussons and its gradual growth in the nineteenth century. It was formerly known as PZ until 1975 when it acquired Cussons. Thus, in 2002, it was renamed PZ Cussons in order to underline its core product range.
Today, PZ Cussons is a leading public company with interests worldwide.
https://youtu.be/glaCUZILeHM

Evaluation: Questions, page 87




Topic: Vocabulary Development: Business
The passage consists two passages on business. Some of the words used in them include trade, entrepreneurs, enterprises, factories, industries, apprentices, labourers, warehouse, stock, manager, export, retail, merchant, e.t.c
https://youtu.be/G7VWp_U-eo8

Evaluation: Vocabulary, page 88.




Topic: Nominalization.
Nouns formed from adjectives
Adjectives
able ---Ability
holy---Holiness
lazy ---laziness
clean--- cleanliness
bitter--- bitterness
dark ---darkness
warm ---warmth
wise ---wisdom
young ---youth
strong--- strength
poor ---poverty
ill ---illness
heavy--- heaviness
equal--- equality
https://youtu.be/P6xMF1F0HBA

Nouns formed from verbs.
Verbs -----Nouns
repeat ---repetition
mix ---mixture
injure--- injury
enjoy--- enjoyment
bond ---bondage
choose--- choice
accuse--- accusation
enter--- entrance
differ ---difference
hate ---hatred
govern--- government
endure--- endurance
satisfy--- satisfaction
think--- thought
https://youtu.be/RuXv2vyPPZY

Evaluation: Write the nouns of the following words:
(i) lose (ii) obey (iii) lend (iv) omit (v) give (vi) long (vii) nude (viii) deep (ix) hard (x) fertile





TOPIC: Monothongs and Diphthongs
The vowels in English are classified into two main groups pure vowels (Monothongs) and diphthongs
A. Monothongs: The Monothongs are sub-classified into short vowels and long vowels.

Diagram showing the English vowel chart.
The Monothongs are listed below with examples of words where they occur.
1. beat, seat
2.bit, sit
3.bed , hen
4.cart, part
5.cat, part
6.Pot, cork
7.port, cork
8.put, foot
9.two, woo
10hut, cut
11.bird, herb
12.akin, baker
https://youtu.be/ZYkITIqfZ6c
B. Diphthongs: The diphthongs differ from the pure vowels (Monothongs) because their articulation involves a glide from one vowel quality to the other. There are eight diphthongs in English and their phonetic symbols indicate the initial and final vowels represented in the articulation.

Diagram showing the diphthongs in English.
The diphthongs are listed below with examples of words where they occur.
again, go, home, rice, kite cow, house, toy, Voice, ear, here, air, hair, poor, tour
https://youtu.be/AAVGOpzqm8M

Evaluation: Exercise 1, question C, nos 1 — 10, page 30. Exercise 2, Question B, page 31 Oral English for Schools and Colleges.

Reading Assignment: Adverbs and Adverbials

Assignment: Exercise 2, Question C, page 31 , Oral English for Schools and Colleges Revision and tests, part 21 page 46 Effective English.

Topic: Continuous writing
Sub-topic: Semi-formal letter
Reference books: Intensive English

Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to: Write good semi-formal letter.

Content:- Semi-formal letter is a letter written to those who do not have intimate relationship with us. They are letters to our class teachers, subject teachers and pen friends.
https://youtu.be/s0iKqG676mo

Evaluation:- What is a semi-formal letter?

Assignment:- Write a letter to your class teacher and tell him three reasons why there is much noise in your class and how you suggest, it can be reduced.




TOPIC: Formal and Informal letters
A Formal letters: Formal letters are letters we write to people in their official positions. These people are normally those we do not know personally, who hold official positions in establishments, schools, business houses, etc. Even when we know them personally, the rule demands that we still write them impersonal or official letters.
Formal letters can be in the form of applications for admission or employment, requests for casual leave by staff in offices, official queries and replies to them, letters by students to the heads of their schools, letters to local government chairman asking for amenities for local communities and other such topics.
Features of a formal letter
1 . Writer's address and date
2. Receiver's address
3. Salutation
4. Heading or topic
5. Body of the letter
6. Complimentary close

Format of a formal letter
3, Fredrick Close, Martins Avenue Lagos.
16 July, 2010.

The Commissioner,
Ministry of Education,

Dear Sir,
Expansion Programme for Baptist College.
Body
Yours faithfully,
(Signature)
John Silas
As in your country complaining about the deplorable condition of the roads in you area and the effects this has on the lives of your people.

B. Informal Letters: Informal letters are private or personal letters. They are letters we write to people who are very familiar to us such as our parents, relatives, friends, classmates and other people with whom we have close relationship.
Features of an Informal letter
1. Writer's address and date.
2. Salutation
3. Introduction
4. Body of the letter
5. Complimentary close.

Format of an informal letter.
5, Biodun Street,
Alakuko,
Lagos,
16 July, 2010.
Dear Eunice,
Yours sincerely, Bukky.
https://youtu.be/PgwmAUJx248

Evaluation: 'You have been staying with your elder brother for sometime and a misunderstanding has ensued. Write a letter to your father giving at least, three reasons why you feel you can no longer live with your brother.



Topic : Summary : Novel Extract.
The summary passage is an extract from the novel titled 'The victims' by I. Okpewho. In the passage, a woman named. Nwabunor went to visit a soothsayer in order to overcome a challenge. The soothsayer told her what the gods demanded but she pleaded for the items to be reduced. In response, the soothsayer informed her that the dangers threatening her life and that of her son were too great. She was likely to lose her son if she failed to provide what the gods asked for.
https://youtu.be/46RHXFaa4Zs
Evaluation: Questions, page 54.




Topic: Adverbs and Adverbials
An adverb is used to describe the action of a verb such as how, where or when it is done.
Examples: He frowned angrily.
The eclipse will occur soon.
The main function of adverbs and adverbial phrases is to modify verbs. They also modify adjectives, other adverbs and prepositional phrases.
Functions of Adverbs and Adverbials.
I . Modifier of verb
Mary solved the problem quickly.
John visited Musa at Kebbi
2. Modifier of adjective.
Peter is very tall
James is far more handsome than Silas.
3. Modifier of another adverb.
Bunmi runs extremely fast.
He works hard enough to pass his exams.
4. Modifier of prepositional phrase
The girl slapped Tom right in the face
We are quite on time for the party.
https://youtu.be/WR3_X-LjIH4

Evaluation Exercise, question l, page 214 Countdown to English.

Reading Assignment: Consonant Clusters 6M

Assignment: Revision and tests Part I , Page 60, Effective English. Exercise, Question 2, page 214, Countdown to English.

Topic: Structure
Sub-topic:- Noun clause
Reference books: Intensive English
Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
Identify a noun clause and its function.

Content:- A noun clause is a subordinate clause that answers the question who or what.
Examples - l would like to see how Jide does his job.
https://youtu.be/9SrEEPt4MQA
Evaluation:- What is a noun clause?

Assignment:- state five examples of a noun clause.


Sub-topic:- Functions of a noun clause.
Behavioral Objectives:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to; identify the functions of a noun clause.

Content:- A noun clause functions as either subject of the verb in a
sentences or an object of the verb in a sentence. Teacher explains this definition. Eg. (i) How he passes his examination is a surprises.
(ii) It is a pity, that John did not see him.
https://youtu.be/mdfT4CyUQC4

Evaluation:- What are the functions of a noun clause?

Assignment:- State five examples of a noun clause and identify their functions.




Topic: Comprehension: Irrigation
The passage is adapted from Small Scale Irrigation by Peter Stern. The sprinkler method of is discussed at length.. The most common type of sprinkler used with portable systems is the rotating head sprinkler, consisting of a head, with one or two nozzles, which is rotated slowly by the action of the water passing through it, and which waters a roughly circular piece of land around the sprinkler.
https://youtu.be/6u_UoLy2xLw
Evaluation: Questions, page 112

Vocabulary: Technical words.
The words related to irrigation are equipment, fields, hydraulic, trench, regions, tropical, sub-tropical e.t.c.
https://youtu.be/KmUoEpkrdhU
Evaluation: Vocabulary, page 113




Topic: Sequence of Tenses.
In 1982, PZ's Managing Director, Basil Spondees, who (has spend/had spent/spends) his entire life working in the company, (retired/has retired). He is (succeeded/was succeeded/has succeeded) by George Loupos.
Where there is a choice of verbs in the above, select the appropriate one.
https://youtu.be/dSh7zvajMJE
Evaluation: Practice l, page 91.




Topic: Consonant Clusters.
The English Language permits some consonants to follow each other in a sequence without an intervening vowel in a syllable. When two or more consonants come together they form a consonant cluster. This cluster can appear at the beginning of the syllable or at the end.
In some words, it is not easy to identify consonant clusters by merely looking at the written form of the world. Such words manifest the clusters only when they are pronounce. The following are examples.
Word Correct Pronunciation
new /nju:/
few cute tune view
stew /stju:/
student /stju:dent/
Clusters of two consonants at the initial position include
/plei/
/brait/
drain /drein/
threat /0ret/
clan /klæn/
hew

Clusters of two consonants at the final position include
Sacked /sækt /
Washed / w.st/
Marks /ma:ks/
Maps /mæps/
Lanes / leinz/
Loaves / leuvz/
https://youtu.be/P73dwwm14fo

Evaluation: Write the symbol of the consonants in a cluster in the following of words. Clean, frog, human, begs, talked, dwelt, eighth, thrice, cast, shift.
Reading Assignment: Figures of Speech.

Assignment: Revision and tests, part 1, page 95, Effective English. Exercise 2, question b, page 82, Oral English for Schools and colleges.

Topic: Mechanics
Sub-topic: The use of capital letters
Reference books: Intensive English 3


Sub-topic:- The use of capital letters
Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to: Write capital letter correctly.

Content:- Capital letters are bold letters or alphabets. They are bigger than small letter and they are used to;
i) indicate names of persons.
ii) indicate names of days of the week
iii) indicate names of months
iv) indicates names of institutions
v) indicate titles of persons
vi) indicates other forms of proper nouns.
https://youtu.be/RZtvW2MUz1k

Evaluation:- What are the uses of capital letter?

Assignment:- state the functions of capital letters.


Sub-topic:- Punctuation marks.
Behavioral Objectives:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to; use punctuation marks correctly.

Content:- Punctuation marks are literary tolls that direct the flow of facts,
ideas and lexical ordering in the grammar of English. They are full stop, comma, question mark and the Hyphen.
i) The full stop (.) is used to show the end items in a list.
ii) The comma (,) is used to separate items in a list.
iii) The question mark (?) is used to ask question.
iv) The hyphen (-) is used to break a at the edge of a paper.
https://youtu.be/gfYq2ng9s4E

Evaluation:- Make four sentences to show the uses of the full stop, the comma, the question mark and the Hyphen.

Assignment:- State the functions of the full stop, the comma, the question mark, and the hyphen with examples.






Topic: Comprehension: Novel Extract.
The passage is an extract from the Novel titled 'A Good Man in Africa' by William Boyd. A woman, named Innocence, had been struck dead by thunder. All attempts by Morgan to get Innocence's body taken to the morgue was in vain. The belief that certain sacrifices need to be carried out on anyone struck down by thunder prevented anyone, including the police, from taking the corpse away. Morgan was surprised that even the ('Christians" made reference to tribal protocol.

Evaluation: Questions, page 49.




Topic: Vocabulary Development: French words
French is one of the European languages that have developed out of Latin. Some French expressions are used in English. Examples include
å la carte: refers to that part of a menu where each dish is listed with its price.

Å la mode: fashionable

Bourgeoisie: the middle class

Chef: senior cook

Communiqué: an official announcement

Déjå vu: seen before

Fiancé: a man who is engaged to be married.

Malaise: an uneasy feeling

Gauche: social clumsy or inept

Précis: a summary

RSVP: stands for repondez s'il vous plait.
These letters are placed at the foot of a formal invitation when a reply is needed. They mean 'please reply'.
https://youtu.be/lJDoEd9qerY

https://youtu.be/2OjcLQbHXCk

Evaluation: Practice 1, page 52





Topic: Writing: Articles
Articles are expository essays. An expository essay is one that requires you to explain a thing or a process fully. The explanation will necessarily demand writing a great deal about what distinguishes the subject of the essay from all other things.
It may also involve some description.
Sample outline on articles. There have been various articles in your national newspapers discussing the rise in the prices of goods. Write your contribution to the discussion and suggest ways to help curb the trend.
Paragraph 1: Introduction; Your observation.
2. Explaining the probiem
3. First major result
4. Second majorresult
5. Conclusion: The need to solve the problem.

Evaluation: Write an article for publication in one of your local newspapers on the good effects of accountability and transparency.



Topic—figures of Speech.
A figure of speech is any departure from the literal (i.e.ordinary) use of a word or phrase. Some of the commonest figures of speech which cut across genres are simile, metaphor, irony, paradox, euphemism, hyperbole, personification, litotes, oxymoron, allegory, alliteration, pun, rhetorical question, etc.
1 . Simile: This is a figure of speech in which two things of identical or similar qualities are indirectly compared through the useof 'like' or 'as'. E.g. Peter is as cunny as a snd«e.
Jane is like an angel.

2. Metaphor: This is a direct comparison of things without the use of 'like' or 'as'.
E.g. Peter is a snake
Jane is an angel

3. Personification: This is a figure of speech in which the quality of living things is transferred to non-living things.
E.g. The sun smiled at me.
The trees are dancing in the wind.

4. Euphemism: This involves the presentation of an unpleasant thing or experience in a palatable way. In most cases, to remove the pain of sad or bad news. E.g. The old man has kicked the bucket.
The king has joined his ancestors.

5. Irony: A figure of speech in which the ordinary or literal meaning of the word is more or less the opposite of what the speaker intends. E.g. What a pretty state of affairs!
He jokingly describes the midget as a 'very tall' person.

6. Paradox: A statement which initially appears to be absurd or contradictory but which, on closer examination, contains an important truth. E.g. Make haste slowly.
Attack is the best form of defence.

7. Pun: A play on words which have a similar sound but different meanings usually for humorous effect.
E.g. The dead drunkard was laid on his bier. (pun on beer/bier)
The minister claims he is a soul administrator (sole/soul)

8. Onomatopoeia: The formation of words in imitation of the actual sound made.
E.g. The hiss of a snake The splash of water.
https://youtu.be/TIVCCxgA2dQ
Evaluation: Give two examples each on the following: (i) simile (ii) metaphor (iii) irony (iv) personification (v) pun

Reading Assignment: Lexical and Auxiliary verbs.

Assignment: Revision and tests part 3, page 61 , Effective English.
Theory
Write short notes on the following
i. Alliteration ii. Onomatopoeia

Topic: Phrase
Sub-topic: Noun phrase
Reference books: Intensive English 3

Objective:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
Identify a noun phrase and show its function.

Content:- A noun phrase is also a nominal phrase. It has its head word as a noun. This means that it begins with a noun. Its function is to serve as a subject or object of a verb in a sentence e.g. Jide's plan is to beat his sister. This is a noun phrase serving as subject of the verb, "is"
https://youtu.be/m5X11D-6u54

Evaluation:- What is a noun phrase?

Assignment:- state five examples of Noun phrase and identify their functions.


Sub-topic:- Descriptive Essay
Behavioral Objectives:- By the end of the lesson students should be able to write descriptive essays.

Content:- This essay deals with creating a mental pictures. It involves bringing out the physical features of an object. It uses adjectives that are emotional to bring out the imagery of what is being described.
https://youtu.be/T9U-9xFl6jA

Evaluation:- What is a descriptive essay?

Assignment:- Write a vivid description of an annual cultural ceremony you're watched.






Topic: Comprehension: Law Enforcement Agreement
The passage centres on the attempts by the Nigeria Government to curb drug trafficking in the country. Nigeria's geographical position gives it the unfortunate distinction of being the natural hub for drug trafficking to and from the Americas, to Europe and across Africa. The United State Government signed an executive agreement on procedures for mutual assistance in law enforcement matters in November 1987. Some success have been recorded but. much still remains to b done.
https://youtu.be/o_dI-gGZQyg
Evaluation: Questions, page 64



Topic: Lexical and Auxiliary Verbs.
A. Lexical Verbs: Lexical (or main) verbs are those that can stand alone as the verb element of the sentence.
E.g. Dike did the work yesterday.
We are students.
John cut down the tree today.
Where the verb element of a sentence consists of more than one verb, the lexical (main) verb always appears last.
E.G. Dike has done the work
We are studying English
I have read the book.


B. Auxiliary verbs: Auxiliary verbs are those that help the main verbs perform their functions. There are two kinds of auxiliary verbs:
Primary and modal.
A major difference between the two kinds is that; while the primary auxiliaries can also be used as lexical verbs, the modal auxiliaries cannot.
1. Primary Auxiliaries:
be, do, have.
be - I am going to school
do — Charles did not attend class.
Have — I have done the work.
https://youtu.be/P044gRNfDAc

2. Modal Auxiliaries:
can —You can go.
could — John couldn't fast when he was young.
may — Obi may come With us.
might — It might rain this afternoon
shall — I shall attend the party.
will - He will play for us today.
should — We should eat the food since it is safe.
would — If I had a car, I would travel often.
must - You must tell the truth
ought to — Every student ought to study hard.
used to - We used to fly kites when we were young
need — You need to leave now
dare — Nobody dare insult-our leader.
https://youtu.be/4GMU08J98MQ

https://youtu.be/nmVN-5oOGy0

Evaluation: Make five sentences with the following. be, do, have, could, may.





Topic: Speech Work: Consonants
There are twenty —four consonants sounds in English. Three factors are usually considered in the classification of consonants. These are
i. place of articulation
ii. manner of articulation and
iii. state of the glottis?

This chart below shows the classification according to these features.
Manner of articulation
State of the Glottis
Place of Articulation


https://youtu.be/h4yrIuCE6UM

Examples of words where the consonants occurs.
1. pan, nap
2. bud, rub
3. tea, seat
4. dip, hide
5. come, pack
6. get, rag
7. fork, cough
8. van, live
9. think, both
10. this, breathe
11. sip, place
12. Zinc, has
13. ship, fish
14. genre, garage
15. hat, behave
16 cheap, teach
17. joy, page
18. lock, sell
19. rag, borrow
20. win, rewind
21 . yes, new
22. man, him
23. net, rain
24. singer, bang

Evaluation: Exercise 1, question 9 page 67, Oral English for Schools and Colleges.

Assignment: Revision and tests, part 1 page 73, Effective English

Exercise 1, question b, page 68, Oral English for Schools and Colleges.

TOPIC: COMPREHENSION
BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: BY THE END OF THE LESSON, LEARNERS SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
a. Explain the passage.
b. Infer the thought of the reader from the passage.
c. Answer the comprehension questions.

REFERENCE: INTENSIVE ENGLISH S.S.3 OLUIKPE BENSON et al

CONTENT:
It is important to realize that when reading a passage, almost as much may be left in it as is openly stated. Not only does the writer take it for granted that you the reader will know something about the thing he writes about but he expects that you will be prepared to piece together the information he gives you and draw conclusions from that information. Etc
https://youtu.be/wydDRf3XEb8

EVALUATION:
a. Explain the passage
b. Explain what the writer is saying "The river crossing"

ASSIGNMENT:
a. Who is the father of communism?
b. Which people bear the brunt of crises in Nigeria? etc




Topic: Modal Auxiliaries
There are thirteen modal auxiliaries. They are can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, used to, need and dare.
Uses
a. can/could
To express permission, possibility, ability or capacity.
E.g. Jane can go if she likes. (permission)
That river can be bridged. (possibility)
John could run fast when he was young-(ability)

b. may/might
To express permission or possibility.
E.g. Obi may come with us if he likes.(permission) It might rain this afternoon.(possibility)

c. shall/will
To express simple futurity," determination, order or willingness to do something.
E.g. We shall attend the party. (futurity.)
I will attend the ceremony. (determination)

d. should - obligation and logical necessity, condition.
É.g. He should attend the interview if he wants the job.(obligation) If the boy should come, please inform me.(condition)

e. would
To express habitual action in the past, a request politely, a probability.
E.g. Every Sunday, we would attend the morning service in the church.(habitual action in the past)
I would like to come with you.(request)

f. must
To express obligation in the present and future, a logical necessity. E.g. You must obey your elders.(obligetion)
There must be a mistake in that calculation.(logical necessity)

g. ought to
To express obligation/the equivalent of should and to express a logical necessity or an expectation.
E.g. Every student ought to study hard.(obligation)
You ought to have finished the work by now.(expectation)

h. used to
To express habitual action in the past
E.g. We used to fly kites when we were young.
i. need (in negative sentence, to express the absence of obligation) E.g. You need to leave now.

j. dare (as auxiliary verb, and especially in negative sentences and questions.
E.g. Nobody dare insult our leader You dare not eat that food.
https://youtu.be/4GMU08J98MQ
https://youtu.be/3dpQj-OhLEE
Evaluation: Construct one sentence each to illustrate the uses of the verbs shall, must, could, might, need.




Topic: Report Writing
A report is any kind of account given of any event that has taken place.
The approach to the writing of a report depends on the audience or readers for whom it is meant and on whether there is a standard format for it.
The report becomes formal when it is presented as a formal document giving details of an event. A formal report can be that of a robbery, an accident, the proceedings of a meeting, a work-camp or a petition.
https://youtu.be/IJnZFO5GIjU

Sample of a formal report.
14th June, 2010.
The Principal
Queen of Apostles' Secondary School, Zaria,

Sir,
Report of the Robbery in Amina Hostel.
(Text of the Report)
Jumai Mohammed
Prefect (Amina Hostel).
https://youtu.be/mhqJhVtzJOI

Evaluation: As the president of your club, write out a plan on your annual address which should be a review of the past year, emphasizing the objectives of the club.

Reading Assignment: Word stress.

Assignment: Revision and tests parts 1 and 2, page 73, Effective English




Topic: Comprehension: Helping Addicts.
The passage is adapted from the Evening Standard. It centres on a psychotherapist named Malcolm Scott and his attempt to help drug addicts. He puts them up in the lonely house where he lives. He and his patients get to know each other pretty well during this time: there are few distractions in the lonely house and the nearest bar is ten kilometers away.
https://youtu.be/yXVFRsloOjo

Some words related to addiction are medicines, injections, trafficker, addict, cocaine, heroin, drug, crave, illegal, etc.
https://youtu.be/ZWE4gsuWpdk

Evaluation: Addiction, page 99 and 100.





Topic: Speech Work: Stress in words of seven syllables and in compound words.
Stress is an important feature of speech. It is to give extra force to a word or syllable when saying it.
Words of seven syllables. in-de-fen-si-BlL-i-ty In-di-spen-sa-BIL-i-ty
In-di-vis-i-Bl L-i-ty
Im-pen-e-tra-BlL-i-ty
Im-per-me-a-BlL-i-ty
In-ad-miss-i-BlL-i-ty
In — a- ccess-i-BlL-i-ty
Compound Words absent-MlNDed Action-packed back-DOOR blue-CHIP Bottle-feed
FLY-by
https://youtu.be/iOPcfefez1A
https://youtu.be/Vu6UVwkUgzc

Evaluation: Identify the syllable with the stress in the following words.
i. incontestability ii. Individualism iii. Individualistic iv. Intellectualism
v. irrefutability